开卷有益----Interviewing Skills for Chemical Professionals
Zhenmafudan @ 2008-04-12 08:46

美国化学会职业发展中心http://www.acs.org/careers有免费下载四本小册子:
Career Publications

• Job Search Strategies for Chemical Professionals
• Resume Preparation – Tips for Chemical Professionals
• Interviewing Skills for Chemical Professionals
• Employment Guide for Foreign-Born Chemical Professionals

一年多前，我读了这些材料，觉得很有启发。一年多来，我不时读读这些，觉得一本Interviewing Skills for Chemical Professionals特别值得介绍。市场上有很多面试指导书，但是主要针对那些已经在商业界有工作经验的人，对应化学毕业生并没有特别大的帮助。这本Interviewing Skills for Chemical Professionals适合于本科生、博士生和博士后。

第一章Preparing for an Interview介绍了了怎么准备面试：了解自己的技能、成就和价值观，了解对方的情况和企业文化，了解面试的形式和面试的方法。这一章里面提到了做学术报告的方法，对在校研究生都很有帮助。最近一期的Chemical Engineering用两页纸的篇幅简短介绍了做学术报告的注意事项：http://pubs.acs.org/cen/employment/86/8613employment.html 在这里，我要补充几点我经过多年的实践、看书和听别人的报告而体会出来的做学术报告的“高级兵法”：

1）要明确自己要传达一个什么样的自我形象？一本书上说，如果你去应聘教授，还是象博士生给博导做报告地那样去做报告，那么你就得不到教职。因为考官希望看到你把自己他们作为未来的同事，希望你在学术上成熟。同理，在国际会议上做口头报告，我希望别人看到一个看了很多文献、聪明、做了很多工作、条理清楚、思维敏捷、自信的形象。要塑造未来学术大师的形象。

2）不要讲一篇文章，而是要讲自己的一系列文章，要找出这篇文章和那篇文章的逻辑联系。报数据是低层次的报告方式，高层次的报告就是要让听众感受到实验者的“兵法”（如goal-oriented）和哲学思维。

3）做报告时要运用一种P-A-R格式：P就是Problems encountered；A就是Actions taken；R就是Results achieved。P-A-R就是首先说某专题很热门，但是遇到什么问题。为了解决这个问题，我们采用了什么方法。通过这些方法，我们得到了什么好的结果。运用这种格式，可以使报告的逻辑思维清楚，目的明确。
   
第二章How to Ace the Interview介绍面试的流程：面试之前应该怎么样，面试的时候应该怎么样，面试之后应该怎么样。从中，我学到西方的礼仪是：面试之后，别忘了写封感谢信！

第三章Interviewing FAQ介绍了面试的常见问题，这是很重要的，这些问题对于化学学生来说也很有针对性。

第四章Compensation and the Art of Negotiating介绍了怎么和对方讨价还价谈工资待遇，工资待遇的具体内容，和怎么接受offer。

第五章Staying Marketable是最简短的但是对我启发最大的一章。下面我转载这一章：

Once you’ve landed your job, it’s still essential to maintain your marketability.

A few suggestions follow:

> Maintain Your Network—Keep in touch with your former colleagues/professional associates, and continue to cultivate as many contacts as you can. Collect business cards from everyone you meet, at conventions and seminars, for example. Note on the back of the card where you met, for future reference. Touch base periodically to see how things are going. This issue here is not only whom you know but also who knows you.

> Expand Your Knowledge and Skills Base—An old saying applies here: “The broader the base, the higher the tower.” By all means, develop your expertise, but don’t specialize to the extent that you become narrow and jeopardize your future employability. Stay current in your field and what’s happening in chemistry and science in general. Continue to refine your communication and interpersonal skills, ability to work as part of a team, and business knowledge. Learn another language. And expand by studying a related discipline, such as biology, materials science, or engineering. In some way you’ll always want to continue your education.

> Make Yourself Visible—To make you and your abilities visible, take every opportunity to publish and present. Participate actively in professional associations such as ACS. Make the effort to communicate with and learn from your peers.

> Be Flexible—Expand the responsibilities in your current job by making a lateral move, taking a short-term assignment, participating in a task force, or doing anything that gives you a chance to see opportunities elsewhere in the organization—even if it means relocating.

这些话很有建设性。这次在美国化学会参加一个职业发展讲座，做讲座的人说以前的公司给员工长期保障，但是现在的公司情况不一样了。很多公司效益很好，挣了很多钱，但是他们在效益很好的同时还大量裁员，不顾员工死活，只为实现更多利润。那么作为职业人士，就是要在工作岗位上充实自己、提高自己，使自己更加marketable。另外一个道理就是：作为雇主，就要hire the best，一旦招到了最好的人，他们就希望这个最好的人在工作岗位上更加提高自己，更加胜任工作。这一些信息使我更加领会到职业发展（professional development）的重要意义。

[ 本帖最后由 zhenma 于 2008-4-12 09:51 编辑 ]

Good. I'll download them and read them carefully. Thank you for sharing.

有见解，支持一个！

Thank you for sharing

谢谢楼主分享

Thanks a lot!

very useful, Thanks a lot for the sharing!

学习了

非常有益,十分感谢!